Androgenetic alopecia—often called genetic hair loss—is the most common cause of hair thinning in both men and women. It’s driven by a combination of genetics and hormones, specifically the sensitivity of hair follicles to dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Think of it like a slow dimmer switch: over time, affected follicles gradually shrink, producing finer, shorter hairs until growth slows or stops altogether. This process is progressive, meaning it tends to worsen without treatment, but it can often be slowed, stabilized, or improved with the right approach.
In men, androgenetic alopecia typically follows a recognizable pattern. Hair loss often begins with recession at the temples, thinning at the crown, or both, eventually forming the classic “M” shape or a bald spot on the top of the scalp. The sides and back of the head are usually spared because those follicles are genetically more resistant to DHT. This predictable pattern is why these areas are commonly used as donor hair in hair transplant surgery.
In women, androgenetic alopecia looks different and is often more subtle—at least early on. Instead of a receding hairline, women usually notice diffuse thinning, especially along the midpart line or crown, while the frontal hairline is often preserved. Many describe it as seeing more scalp in photos or noticing reduced volume in ponytails. Women’s hair loss can be further complicated by other factors, such as hormonal or micronutrient imbalances, which can accelerate this process, making proper evaluation especially important.
While androgenetic alopecia is genetic, it doesn’t mean nothing can be done. Early diagnosis is key. Treatments may include prescription medications, regenerative options, and, when appropriate, hair transplant surgery. The most effective plans are personalized, addressing not only hair follicles, but also underlying hormonal or medical contributors when present. With a thoughtful, proactive strategy, many patients can preserve existing hair, restore density, and maintain natural-looking results long term.
